Tongue & Groove Flanges

Understanding your choice of tongue & groove flanges options

There are several factors to consider when selecting the right tongue and groove flange for an industrial application. These include the temperature and pressure of the application, as well as the type of fluid or gas that will be flowing through the system.
If you work in high-temperature or high-pressure conditions, select a tongue and groove flange specifically designed for these conditions. In addition, you need to consider the compatibility of the flange with the type of fluid or gas that will flow through the system. Some tongue-and-groove flanges are better suited for corrosive fluids or gases, while others may be better suited for non-corrosive materials.
When choosing a tongue-and-groove flange, you must consider the installation process: some options may be easier to install, saving you time and money in the long run.

What are tongue & groove flanges?

In the middle of the width direction of a pair of the smooth sealing surface, one made into a cross-section such as a tenon, the other cross-section such as groove compression surface paired use; the former is called tongue and groove face flange, the latter is called groove face flange. The tongue and groove face flange is made of a tongue face flange and a groove face flange. Therefore, the sealing surface is narrower. Due to the blockage of the groove face, the gasket will not be extruded from the compression surface and is less subject to media scouring and corrosion. Like the recessed flange, the grooved face flange gasket will not be extruded in the groove, the compression area is minimal (only 52-68% of the flat and recessed flange), and the gasket is evenly stressed. Since the gasket is not in direct contact with the medium, the medium’s corrosive influence and the pressure mechanism’s penetration influence are minimized. They can be used in high-pressure, flammable, explosive, and toxic mediums with strict sealing requirements. This sealing surface gasket is well aligned when installed; processing this sealing surface and gasket replacement is more complicated.
The tongue and groove sealing surface is generally 1/2-1/4 of the width of the smooth sealing surface, has good sealing performance, and is often used in high pressure or in situations where the pressure is not high, but the leakage hazard is high. The tongue and groove compression surface can limit the radial deformation of the embedded gasket, which is more favorable for the compression of cold flow material (such as teflon and paraben) gaskets. Convex and tongue and groove flange sealing surface, because of the convex, so more quickly than the tongue and groove flange abrasion, equipment receiver flange sealing surface once damaged, the repair is very troublesome, so it is appropriate to use tongue or groove flange. Still, it should be noted that the valve is a tongue or groove flange, so the mouth connected to the valve should be a convex or groove flange. Seal surface damage can be repaired by patch welding light knife, grinding, or metal repair agent.

Types of flange faces

Different types of flange faces are used as contact surfaces for sealing gasket materials. ASME B16.5 and B16.47 define various types of flange faces, including male faces, large male faces, and female faces, which have the same dimensions to provide a relatively large contact area.  

Other flange faces covered by these standards include large and small tongue and groove faces, as well as annular joint faces used specifically for annular joint type metal gaskets. Flanges are an essential component in piping systems. They are designed to connect pipes, valves, pumps, and other equipment to create a leak-proof and secure joint. There are different types of flanges available in the market, and each of them has unique features to meet specific requirements. In this article, we will discuss the five most commonly used types of flange faces.

Raised Face (RF)

The Raised Face (RF) flange is the most commonly used type of flange in the piping industry. It has a flat gasket sealing surface with a small ridge or lip around the edge. The raised face is designed to provide additional support to the gasket and prevent it from being damaged during installation or maintenance.

Flat Face (FF)

The Flat Face (FF) flange is a popular choice for applications that require a low-pressure seal. It has a flat surface with no ridges or lips around the edge. The flat face flange is easy to install and provides a reliable seal. However, it is not suitable for high-pressure applications as it may result in gasket blowouts.

Ring-Type Joint (RTJ)

The Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) flange is designed for high-pressure and high-temperature applications. It has a grooved surface with a metal ring gasket that fits into the groove. The RTJ flange provides a reliable seal and is commonly used in the oil and gas industry.

Tongue-and-Groove (T&G)

The Tongue-and-Groove (T&G) flange has a raised tongue on one end and a matching groove on the other end. The T&G flange provides a secure and leak-proof joint and is commonly used in steam and water applications.

Male-and-Female (M&F)

The Male-and-Female (M&F) flange has a protruding male end and a matching female end. The M&F flange provides a reliable seal and is commonly used in water and air applications. Selecting the right flange face for your application is crucial to ensure a secure and leak-proof joint. The Raised Face (RF), Flat Face (FF), Ring-Type Joint (RTJ), Tongue-and-Groove (T&G), and Male-and-Female (M&F) flanges are the most commonly used types of flange faces. Each of them has unique features and is designed to meet specific requirements. It is essential to consult with a flange expert to select the right flange face for your application. When it comes to pipe flange faces, there are two common options: T&G and M&F. Both have their own advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right type of flange face can greatly impact the performance and durability of your pipeline system. In this post, we’ll take a closer look at the benefits and drawbacks of T&G and M&F flange faces.

Advantages and disadvantages of T&G and M&F flange surface

Advantages of T&G Flange Faces

Tongue and groove (T&G) flange faces are designed to provide a tight seal between the flanges, which prevents any leakage of fluids or gases. The tongue and groove configuration of the flange face ensures that the flanges are aligned correctly, which reduces the risk of misalignment and subsequent leaks. T&G flange faces are also very easy to install, as they require only a few bolts to hold them securely in place. This makes them an ideal choice for pipelines that require regular maintenance or repairs. Another benefit of T&G flange faces is that they are highly durable and resistant to corrosion. This means that they can withstand harsh environmental conditions and high-pressure applications, making them suitable for use in a wide range of industries.

Disadvantages of T&G Flange Faces

One of the main disadvantages of T&G flange faces is that they can be more expensive than other types of flange faces, such as flat or raised face flanges. They also require precise machining to ensure a proper fit, which can add to the overall cost of installation. Another potential disadvantage of T&G flange faces is that they may not be suitable for certain types of pipelines or applications. For example, if the pipeline is subjected to frequent thermal cycling, the T&G flange faces may be prone to galling or seizing. In this case, other types of flange faces, such as the M&F flange face, may be a better option. Advantages of M&F Flange Faces

Male and female (M&F) flange faces are designed to provide a secure and leak-free connection between two flanges. The M&F flange face features a raised face on the male flange and a recessed face on the female flange, which creates a tight seal when the two flanges are bolted together. This makes M&F flange faces an ideal choice for high-pressure applications where a tight seal is critical. Another advantage of M&F flange faces is that they are less prone to galling or seizing than T&G flange faces. This is because the raised face on the male flange provides a larger contact area, which reduces the risk of friction and wear.

Disadvantages of M&F Flange Faces

One of the main disadvantages of M&F flange faces is that they can be more difficult to install than T&G flange faces. This is because they require a more precise alignment of the two flanges, which can be time-consuming and may require additional equipment. Another potential disadvantage of M&F flange faces is that they may not be suitable for pipelines that are subjected to frequent thermal cycling. In these situations, the raised face on the male flange may expand or contract at a different rate than the recessed face on the female flange, which can cause the seal to break. Choosing the right type of flange face for your pipeline system depends on a number of factors, including the application, the environmental conditions, and the level of maintenance required. T&G flange faces are ideal for pipelines that require a tight seal and are easy to maintain, while M&F flange faces are better suited for high-pressure applications where a secure seal is critical. By understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each type of flange face.

Flange Face Finish

Flange face finish is a crucial factor in ensuring proper sealing between flange connections. There are several types of flange face finishes available, each with its unique characteristics and benefits.

Types of Flange Face Finish

One type of flange face finish is the serrated finish. This finish is created by machining a series of grooves into the flange face, providing better grip and improved sealing when compressed. Serrated finishes are commonly used in applications where the flange connection may be subject to vibration or movement. Another type of flange face finish is the stock finish. This is the default finish provided by the manufacturer, and it typically has a smooth surface. While it may not offer the same grip as a serrated finish, a stock finish is suitable for many standard applications.

Spiral serrated finishes feature a spiral pattern of grooves that helps to distribute stress evenly across the flange face. This can help to prevent damage and distortion, which can lead to leaks or other issues.

Concentric serrated finishes are similar to spiral serrated finishes but feature a series of concentric rings around the flange face. This pattern can provide enhanced sealing and grip compared to other types of serrated finishes.

Finally, a smooth finish is another option for flange face finish. Smooth finishes are often used in applications where the flange connection is not subject to significant movement or vibration. While it may not offer the same grip as a serrated finish, a smooth finish can still provide a reliable seal in many standard applications.

For example:

Machining of gasket faces of flanges to a smooth finish of Ra = 3.2 – 6.3 micrometer (= 125 – 250 microinches AARH)

• AARH stands for Arithmetic Average Roughness Height. It is used to measure the roughness (rather smoothness) of surfaces. 125 AARH means 125 micro inches will be the average height of the ups and downs of the surface.
• 63 AARH is specified for Ring Type Joints.
• 125-250 AARH (it is called smooth finish) is specified for Spiral Wound Gaskets.
• 250-500 AARH (it is called stock finish) is specified for soft gaskets such as NON Asbestos, Graphite sheets, Elastomers etc. If we use smooth finish for soft gaskets enough “biting effect” will not occur and hence the joint may develop leak.
• Sometimes AARH is referred also as Ra which stands for Roughness Average and means the same.

Selecting the appropriate flange face finish is essential to ensuring a proper seal between flange connections. Whether you choose a serrated finish, stock finish, spiral serrated, concentric serrated, or smooth finish, it is important to consider the specific application and potential stresses that the flange connection may face. By selecting the right finish for the job, you can help to prevent leaks and other issues that can lead to costly downtime and repairs.

Standard Specication For Tongue & Groove Flanges

• Dimensions : ANSI B16.5, ANSI B16.47 Series A & B, MSS SP44, ASA, API-605, AWWA, Custom Drawings
• Size : 1/2″ (15 NB) to 48″ (1200NB)
• Class : 150 LBS, 300 LBS, 600 LBS, 900 LBS, 1500 LBS, 2500 LBS, DIN Standard ND-6,10, 16, 25, 40 Etc.
• DIN : DIN2527, DIN2566, DIN2573, DIN2576, DIN2641, DIN2642, DIN2655, DIN2656, DIN2627, DIN2628, DIN2629,
• DIN 2631, DIN2632, DIN2633, DIN2634, DIN2635, DIN2636,DIN2637, DIN2638, DIN2673
• BS : BS4504 , BS4504, BS1560, BS10
• Flange Face Type : Flate Face (FF), Raised Face(RF), Ring Type Joint (RTJ)

What are the different types of tongue & groove flanges?

Flanges come in many different types and styles, but some common types of tongue and groove flanges include:

Types of tongue & groove flanges

Tongue and Groove (T&G) flanges are specialized flange designs utilized in piping systems where the face of one flange is machined with a raised ring (tongue), and the mating flange has a matching groove. This arrangement ensures a tight seal and precise alignment between the connected components. The following section discusses five types of T&G flanges, elaborating on their characteristics and applications.
Tongue and Groove Lap Joint Flange
A Tongue and Groove Lap Joint (TGLJ) flange features a lap joint, wherein the flange is connected to the pipe through a stub end, which is butt-welded to the pipe. The flange’s primary purpose is to facilitate the easy disassembly of the joint, allowing for maintenance or replacement. TGLJ flanges are suitable for low-pressure and temperature systems, as they cannot withstand high-stress applications.
Tongue and Groove Threaded Flange
The Tongue and Groove Threaded (TGT) flange is designed for threaded pipes that do not require welding. This flange type is advantageous in applications that require frequent assembly and disassembly, as well as those involving hazardous or corrosive substances. However, TGT flanges are unsuitable for high-pressure systems, as the threaded connection can weaken under excessive stress.
Tongue and Groove Socket Weld Flange
Tongue and Groove Socket Weld (TGSW) flanges are used primarily in small-diameter, high-pressure piping systems. These flanges feature a socket where the pipe is inserted and fillet-welded, creating a strong connection. TGSW flanges offer advantages such as reduced turbulence and erosion at the joint, making them suitable for high-pressure applications.
Tongue and Groove Slip-On Flange
The Tongue and Groove Slip-On (TGSO) flange is designed for pipes that require a quick and straightforward connection. This flange type is slipped over the pipe and welded inside and outside to ensure a secure connection. TGSO flanges are suitable for low-pressure applications, as they have lower strength than other flange types, such as weld neck flanges.
Tongue and Groove Weld Neck Flange
Tongue and Groove Weld Neck (TGW) flanges are characterized by a long, tapered hub butt-welded to the pipe, ensuring a robust and reliable connection. These flanges are ideal for high-pressure, high-temperature applications, as the tapered hub provides reinforcement and reduces stress concentrations at the base of the flange. TGW flanges also ensure a smooth flow of fluid or gas, minimizing turbulence and erosion at the joint.

Material of Tongue & Groove Flanges

The material selection for tongue and groove flanges is crucial, as it directly influences their performance, durability, and compatibility with the intended application. We will explore the materials commonly used for tongue and groove flanges and their characteristics and suitability for different applications. Some common materials used for tongue & groove flanges include:  

Stainless Steel Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM/ASME A/SA182:- F304, F304L, F316, F316L, ASTM/ASME A/SA351:- CF3, CF3M, CF8, CF8M, DIN 1.4306, DIN 1.4301, DIN 1.4404, DIN 1.4401, DIN 1.4408, DIN 1.4308, DIN 1.4306, DIN 1.4409
Duplex Tongue & Groove Flange	S31803 / S32205 A182:- Gr F51 / F52 / F53 / F54 / F55 / F57 / F59 / F60 / F61
Super Duplex Tongue & Groove Flange	S32750 / S32760 A182:- Gr F51 / F52 / F53 / F54 / F55 / F57 / F59 / F60 / F61
Copper Nickel Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM / ASME SB 61 / 62 / 151 / 152, Copper Nickel 90/10 (C70600 ), Cupro Nickel 70/30 (C71500), UNS C71640
Titanium Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM B381 / ASME SB381:- Titanium Gr. 1, Titanium Gr. 2, Titanium Gr. 4, Titanium Gr. 5, Titanium Gr. 7, ASTM R50250/GR.1|R50400/GR.2|R50550/GR.3|R50700/GR.4|GR.6|R52400/GR.7| R53400/GR.12|R56320/GR.9| R56400/GR.5
Copper Tongue & Groove Flange	TP1, TP2, C10930, C11000, C11300, C11400, C11500, C11600, C12000, C12200, C12300, T1, T2, C10100, C10200, C10300, C10400, C10500, C10700, C10800, C10910, C10920, TU1, TU2, C12500, C14200, C14420, C14500, C14510, C14520, C14530, C17200, C19200, C21000, C23000, C26000, C27000, C27400, C28000, C33000, C33200, C37000, C44300, C44400, C44500, C60800, C63020, C68700, C70400, C70600, C70620, C71000, C71500, C71520, C71640, etc
Incoloy Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM B564 / ASME SB564:- Incoloy 800, 800H, 800HT (UNS N08800), 825 (UNS N08825), 925
Inconel Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM B564 / ASME SB564:- Inconel 600, 601, 625, 718, 783, 690, x750
Nickel Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM B564 / ASME SB564:- Nickel 200, Nickel 201, Nickel 205, Nickel 205LC
Hastelloy Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM B564 / ASME SB564:- Hastelloy C276 (UNS N10276), C22 (UNS N06022), C4, C2000, B2, B3, X
Monel Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM B564 / ASME SB564:- Monel 400 (UNS No. N04400), Monel 500 (UNS No. N05500)
Carbon Steel Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM/ASME A/SA105 A/SA105N and A/SA216-WCB, DIN 1.0460, DIN 1.0402, DIN 1.0619, Die Steel, ASTM A105 / ASME SA105, A105N, ASTM A350 LF2 / ASME SA350, CS High Yield ASTM A694 / A694 (F52, F56, F60, F65, F70, F80)
Alloy Steel Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM A182 / ASME SA182:- F5, F9, F11, F12, F22, F91
Alloy 20 Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM B462 / ASME SB462:- Carpenter 20 Alloy, Alloy 20Cb-3
254 SMO Tongue & Groove Flange	ASTM A182 / ASME SA182:- SMO 254/6Mo, UNS S31254, DIN 1.4547
Aluminium Tongue & Groove Flange	5052 /6061/ 6063 / 2017 / 7075 / etc.
Brass Tongue & Groove Flange	3602 / 2604 / H59 / H62 / etc.
Other Tongue & Groove Flange material	Tin bronze, Alumunum bronze, Lead bronze, Nimonic 75, Nimonic 80A, Nimonic 90, AISI 4140, AISI 4130, Mild Steel, Al6XN

Dimensions of Tongue & Groove Flanges

The dimensions of tongue & groove flanges are typically specified in inches or millimeters, and may include the outer diameter (OD) of the flange, the inner diameter (ID) of the flange, and the thickness of the flange. Other dimensions may also be specified, such as the length of the flange, the width of the flange, and the number of bolt holes.

Tongue Dimensions
The tongue is a protruding part of the flange that fits into the corresponding groove of the mating flange. The dimensions of the tongue play a significant role in determining the overall performance of the connection.

• Tongue Height: The tongue height refers to the vertical distance between the base and the highest point of the tongue. Maintaining an accurate tongue height is essential to ensure proper engagement with the groove and prevent leakage. The height should be sufficient to provide adequate contact surface area while not being so large as to create stress points in the connection.
• Tongue Width: Tongue width is the horizontal distance across the tongue’s widest point. The width affects the contact surface area and the overall strength of the connection. A wider tongue can provide better stability and support, while a narrower tongue may result in less contact area and increased potential for leakage.
• Tongue Angle: The tongue angle refers to the angle formed between the tongue’s sides and the flange’s face. This angle impacts the engagement of the tongue with the groove and the resulting sealing capabilities. Proper tongue angle selection can lead to improved sealing performance and reduced risk of leakage.

Groove Dimensions
The groove is a recessed portion of the mating flange designed to accommodate the tongue. It is essential to have precise groove dimensions to ensure proper engagement with the tongue and maintain a leak-free connection.

• Groove Depth: The groove depth is the vertical distance between the groove’s bottom and the flange’s face. The depth must be sufficient to accommodate the tongue while allowing for adequate sealing material compression. Insufficient groove depth can result in poor engagement and potential leakage, whereas excessive depth may cause stress concentrations and reduced sealing effectiveness.
• Groove Width: The groove width is the horizontal distance across the groove’s widest point. A groove width closely matches the tongue width ensuring proper engagement and optimal sealing performance. Groove widths that are too narrow or too wide can lead to poor engagement and increased potential for leakage.
• Groove Angle: The groove angle is formed between the groove’s sides and the flange’s face. This angle is crucial for proper engagement with the tongue and effective sealing. Selecting the appropriate groove angle helps to ensure that the tongue and groove mate correctly, reducing the risk of leakage and improving overall connection stability.

Factors Influencing Tongue & Groove Flange Dimensions
Various factors can influence the dimensions of Tongue & Groove flanges, including the materials used, pressure ratings, and the specific application requirements. It is essential to consider these factors when selecting the appropriate flange dimensions to ensure reliable and efficient performance.
Benefits of Precise Tongue & Groove Flange Dimensions
Accurate Tongue & Groove flange dimensions are essential for achieving optimal performance in industrial applications. Some key benefits of precise flange dimensions include the following:

• Improved sealing performance;
• Reduced risk of leakage;
• Enhanced connection stability;
• Increased overall system efficiency.

By ensuring that your Tongue & Groove flanges meet the appropriate dimensional requirements, you can enjoy these benefits and maintain a high level of performance in your industrial applications.

Dimensions & Weight chart of Small Male-Female and Tongue & Groove flanges ASME B16.5

R – Large Male and Large Tongue; S – Small Male; T – Small Tongue; U – ID of Large and Small Tongue; W – Large Female and Large Groove; X – Small Female; Y – Small Groove; Z – ID of Large and Small Groove.

Dimensions are in inch unless otherwise indicated.  

NPS In Inches	RF, LJ, Large Male & Large Tongue	Small Male(3)	Small Tongue	Inside Daimeter of Large & Small Tongue	Large Female & Large Groove	Small Female (3)	Small Groove	Inside Daimeter of Large & Small Groove	Raised Face 150 & 300 Pound Standards (2)	RF, Large & Small Male & Tongue Class 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, & 2500 lb. Standards (2)	Groove or Female Deptd
	R	S	T	U	W	X	Y	Z
1/2	1.38	0.72	1.38	1	1.44	0.78	1.44	0.94	0.06	0.25	0.19
3/4	1.69	0.94	1.69	1.31	1.75	1	1.75	1.25	0.06	0.25	0.19
1	2	1.19	1.88	1.5	2.06	1.25	1.94	1.44	0.06	0.25	0.19
1 1/4	2.5	1.5	2.25	1.88	2.56	1.56	2.31	1.81	0.06	0.25	0.19
1 1/2	2.88	1.75	2.5	2.12	2.94	1.81	2.56	2.06	0.06	0.25	0.19
2	3.62	2.25	3.25	2.88	3.69	2.31	3.31	2.81	0.06	0.25	0.19
2 1/2	4.12	2.69	3.75	3.38	4.19	2.75	3.81	3.31	0.06	0.25	0.19
3	5	3.31	4.62	4.25	5.06	3.38	4.69	4.19	0.06	0.25	0.19
3 1/2	5.5	3.81	5.12	4.75	5.56	3.88	5.19	4.69	0.06	0.25	0.19
4	6.19	4.31	5.69	5.19	6.25	4.38	5.75	5.12	0.06	0.25	0.19
5	7.31	5.38	6.81	6.31	7.38	5.44	6.88	6.25	0.06	0.25	0.19
6	8.5	6.38	8	7.5	8.56	6.44	8.06	7.44	0.06	0.25	0.19
8	10.62	8.38	10	9.38	10.69	8.44	10.06	9.31	0.06	0.25	0.19
10	12.75	10.5	12	11.25	12.81	10.56	12.06	11.19	0.06	0.25	0.19
12	15	12.5	14.25	13.5	15.06	12.56	14.31	13.44	0.06	0.25	0.19
14	16.25	13.75	15.5	14.75	16.31	13.81	15.56	14.69	0.06	0.25	0.19
16	18.5	15.75	17.62	16.75	18.56	15.81	17.69	16.69	0.06	0.25	0.19
18	21	17.75	20.12	19.25	21.06	17.81	20.19	19.19	0.06	0.25	0.19
20	23	19.75	22	21	23.06	19.81	22.06	20.94	0.06	0.25	0.19
24	27.25	23.75	26.25	25.25	27.31	23.81	26.31	25.19	0.06	0.25	0.19

Dimensions & Weight chart of Large Male-Female and Tongue & Groove flanges ASME B16.5

Dimensions in inch and (mm)  

DN	d1	d2	d3	d4	d5	d6	d7	d8	f1	f2
½”	1,38 (35,1)	1,44 (36,6)	1,38 (35,1)	1,44 (36,6)	1,00 (25,4)	0,94 (23,9)	1,81 (46,0)	1,75 (44,5)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
¾”	1,69 (42,9)	1,75 (44,5)	1,69 (42,9)	1,75 (44,5)	1,31 (33,3)	1,25 (31,8)	2,12 (53,8)	2,06 (52,3)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
1″	2,00 (50,8)	2,06 (52,3)	1,88 (47,7)	1,94 (49,3)	1,50 (38,1)	1,44 (36,6)	2,44 (62,0)	2,25 (57,2)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
1¼”	2,50 (63,5)	2,56 (65,0)	2,25 (57,2)	2,31 (58,7)	1,88 (47,8)	1,81 (46,0)	2,94 (74,7)	2,62 (66,6)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
1½”	2,88 (73,2)	2,94 (74,7)	2,50 (63,5)	2,56 (65,0)	2,12 (53,8)	2,06 (52,3)	3,31 (84,1)	2,88 (73,2)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
2″	3,62 (92,0)	3,69 (93,7)	3,25 (82,6)	3,31 (84,1)	2,88 (73,0)	2,81 (71,4)	4,06 (103,1)	3,62 (92,0)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
2½”	4,12 (104,6)	4,19 (106,4)	3,75 (95,2)	3,81 (96,8)	3,38 (85,8)	3,31 (84,1)	4,56 (115,8)	4,12 (104,6)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
3″	5,00 (127,0)	5,06 (128,5)	4,62 (117,5)	4,69 (119,1)	4,25 (108,0)	4,19 (106,4)	5,44 (138,2)	5,00 (127,0)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
4″	6,19 (157,2)	6,25 (158,8)	5,69 (144,5)	5,75 (146,1)	5,19 (131,8)	5,12 (130,0)	6,62 (168,1)	6,19 (157,2)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
5″	7,31 (185,7)	7,38 (187,5)	6,81 (173,0)	6,88 (174,8)	6,31 (160,3)	6,25 (158,8)	7,75 (196,9)	7,31 (185,7)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
6″	8,50 (215,9)	8,56 (217,5)	8,00 (203,2)	8,06 (204,7)	7,50 (190,5)	7,44 (189,0)	8,94 (227,0)	8,50 (215,9)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
8″	10,62 (269,8)	10,69 (271,5)	10,00 (254,0)	10,06 (255,5)	9,38 (238,3)	9,31 (236,5)	11,06 (281,0)	10,62 (269,8)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
10″	12,75 (323,5)	12,81 (325,4)	12,00 (304,8)	12,06 (306,3)	11,25 (285,8)	11,19 (284,2)	13,19 (335,0)	12,75 (323,5)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
12″	15,00 (381,0)	15,06 (382,5)	14,25 (362,0)	14,31 (363,5)	13,50 (342,9)	13,44 (341,4)	15,44 (392,2)	15,00 (381,0)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
14″	16,25 (412,8)	16,31 (414,3)	15,50 (393,7)	15,56 (395,2)	14,75 (374,7)	14,69 (373,1)	16,69 (423,9)	16,25 (412,8)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
16″	18,50 (469,9)	18,56 (471,5)	17,62 (447,6)	17,69 (449,3)	16,75 (425,5)	16,69 (423,9)	18,94 (481,0)	18,50 (469,9)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
18″	21,00 (533,4)	21,06 (535,0)	20,12 (511,0)	20,19 (512,8)	19,25 (489,0)	19,19 (487,4)	21,44 (544,6)	21,00 (533,4)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
20″	23,00 (584,2)	23,06 (585,8)	22,00 (558,8)	22,06 (560,3)	21,00 (533,4)	20,94 (531,9)	23,44 (595,4)	23,00 (584,2)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)
24″	27,25 (692,2)	27,31 (693,7)	26,25 (666,8)	26,31 (668,3)	25,25 (641,4)	25,19 (639,8)	27,69 (703,3)	27,25 (692,2)	0,25 (6,4)	0,19 (4,8)

  Notes:

• Regular facing height (rf) for Class 150 and Class 300 flanges is 1.65 millimeters (1/16in) and included in the minimum flange thickness. Facing height for Class 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 is 6.35 millimeters (1/4in), and not included in minimum flange thickness dimensions.
• Depth of Groove and Female is 4.82 millimeters (0.19in).
• Large Tongue and Groove. The finished height of the male face shall be the greater of the wall thickness of the pipe used or 6.35 mm (1/4in.). The thickness of lap that remains after machining the female face shall be no less than the nominal wall thickness of pipe used.
• Tongue and Groove. The thickness of the lap remaining after machining the tongue or groove face shall be no less than the nominal wall thickness of the pipe used.
• Tongue and Groove and Small Tongue and Groove. The gasket contact surface finish shall not exceed 3.2 μm (125 μin.) roughness.

Dimensions of Male Female Flange Gasket

Male And Female Type Flange Pressure Rating Calculator

Male-Female Flange Pressure Pressure
Temperature (°C)	Class
	Class 150	Class 300	Class 400	Class 600	Class 900	Class 1500	Class 2500
-29 – 38	19.8	51.7	68.9	103.4	155	259	431
50	19.5	51.7	68.9	103.4	155	259	431
100	17.7	51.5	68.7	103.0	155	258	429
150	15.8	50.2	66.8	100.3	151	251	418
200	13.8	48.6	64.8	97.2	146	243	405
250	12.1	46.3	61.7	92.7	139	232	386
300	10.2	42.9	57.0	85.7	129	214	357
325	9.3	41.4	55.0	82.6	124	207	344
350	8.4	40.0	53.4	80.0	120	200	334
375	7.4	37.8	50.4	75.7	114	189	315
400	6.5	34.7	46.3	69.4	104	174	290
425	5.5	28.8	38.4	57.5	86.3	144	240
450	4.6	23.0	30.7	46.0	69.0	115	192
475	3.7	17.1	22.8	34.2	51.3	85.4	142
500	2.8	11.6	15.4	23.2	34.7	57.9	96.5
538	1.4	5.9	7.9	11.8	17.7	29.5	49.2

Male And Female Threaded Flange Thickness Calculation For Pressure Vessel

ANSI B16.5 Wall Thickness
NPS (Normal Pipe Sizes)	Outside Daimeter (O.D.)	Schedule 10	Schedule 20	Schedule 30	STD Wall	Schedule 40	Schedule 60	EXT Hvy	Schedule 80	Schedule 100	Schedule 120	Schedule 140	Schedule 160	XX Hvy
½	0.84	0.083	…	…	0.109	0.109	…	0.147	0.147	…	…	…	0.188	0.294
¾	1.05	0.083	…	…	0.113	0.113	…	0.154	0.154	…	…	…	0.219	0.308
1	1.315	0.109	…	…	0.133	0.133	…	0.179	0.179	…	…	…	0.25	0.358
1 ¼	1.66	0.109	…	…	0.14	0.14	…	0.191	0.191	…	…	…	0.25	0.382
1 ½	1.9	0.109	…	…	0.145	0.145	…	0.2	0.2	…	…	…	0.281	0.4
2	2.375	0.109	…	…	0.154	0.154	…	0.218	0.218	…	…	…	0.344	0.436
2 ½	2.875	0.12	…	…	0.203	0.203	…	0.276	0.276	…	…	…	0.375	0.552
3	3.5	0.12	…	…	0.216	0.216	…	0.3	0.3	…	…	…	0.438	0.6
3 ½	4	0.12	…	…	0.226	0.226	…	0.318	0.318	…	…	…	…	0.636
4	4.5	0.12	…	…	0.237	0.237	…	0.337	0.337	…	0.438	…	0.531	0.674
5	5.563	0.134	…	…	0.258	0.258	…	0.375	0.375	…	0.5	…	0.625	0.75
6	6.625	0.134	…	…	0.28	0.28	…	0.432	0.432	…	0.562	…	0.719	0.864
8	8.625	0.148	0.25	0.277	0.322	0.322	0.406	0.5	0.5	0.594	0.719	0.812	0.906	0.875
10	10.75	0.165	0.25	0.307	0.365	0.365	0.5	0.5	0.594	0.719	0.844	1	1.125	1
12	12.75	0.18	0.25	0.33	0.375	0.406	0.562	0.5	0.688	0.844	1	1.125	1.312	1
14	14	0.25	0.312	0.375	0.375	0.438	0.594	0.5	0.75	0.938	1.094	1.25	1.406	…
16	16	0.25	0.312	0.375	0.375	0.5	0.656	0.5	0.844	1.031	1.219	1.438	1.594	…
18	18	0.25	0.312	0.438	0.375	0.562	0.75	0.5	0.938	1.156	1.375	1.562	1.781	…
20	20	0.25	0.375	0.5	0.375	0.594	0.812	0.5	1.031	1.281	1.5	1.75	1.969	…
22	22	0.25	…	…	0.375	…	…	0.5	…	…	….	….	….	….
24	24	0.25	0.375	0.562	0.375	0.688	0.969	0.5	1.219	1.531	1.812	2.062	2.344	….
26	26	….	….	….	0.375	….	….	0.5	….	….	….	….	….	….
30	30	0.312	0.5	0.625	0.375	….	….	0.5	….	….	….	….	….	….
36	36	0.312	0.5	0.625	0.375	0.75	….	0.5	….	….	….	….	….	….
40	40	….	….	….	0.375	….	….	0.5	….	….	….	….	….	….
42	42	……..	……..	……..	0.375	……..	……..	0.5	……..	……..	……..	……..	……..	……..
48	48	……..	……..	……..	0.375	……..	……..	0.5	……..	……..	……..	……..	……..	……..

How to Measure the Size of a Tongue & Groove Flanges?

Before diving into the measurement process, it’s crucial to clearly understand what tongue and groove flanges are and how they function. Tongue and groove flanges consist of two components: the tongue and groove flange. The tongue flange has a raised ring, while the groove flange features a matching depression. When these two flanges are connected, the raised ring fits snugly into the depression, creating a secure and leak-proof seal.

Essential Tools for Measuring Tongue & Groove Flanges

To measure the size of a tongue and groove flange accurately, you will need the following tools:

• Vernier caliper – A precision measuring instrument that allows you to measure the dimensions of the flange with high accuracy.
• Ruler or measuring tape – A standard tool for measuring linear dimensions, such as the flange’s diameter.
• Protractor – A tool for measuring angles to help determine the flange’s bolt circle diameter.

Step-by-Step Guide to Measuring Tongue & Groove Flanges

Follow these steps to measure the size of a tongue and groove flange:

• Measure the Flange Diameter: Using a ruler or measuring tape, measure the outer diameter of the flange. This measurement is crucial in determining the flange’s size and compatibility with other components.
• Measure the Raised Ring or Groove Diameter: With a vernier caliper, measure the diameter of the raised ring on the tongue flange or the diameter of the groove on the groove flange. This measurement is critical for ensuring a proper fit between the two flange components.
• Measure the Bolt Hole Diameter: Measure the diameter of the bolt holes on the flange using a vernier caliper. This dimension is essential for selecting the correct bolt size to secure the flange connection.
• Determine the Bolt Circle Diameter: Measure the distance between the centers of two opposite bolt holes, then use a protractor to verify that the angle between these points is 180 degrees. This measurement, known as the bolt circle diameter, is vital for properly aligning and spacing the bolt holes.
• Measure the Flange Thickness: Use a vernier caliper to measure the thickness of the flange. This dimension is crucial for determining the appropriate gasket thickness and ensuring a secure connection.
• Measure the Tongue or Groove Depth: Lastly, use a vernier caliper to measure the depth of the tongue on the tongue flange or the depth of the groove on the groove flange. This measurement is vital for verifying that the tongue and groove components will interlock correctly and form a tight seal.

By following the step-by-step guide outlined above and using the appropriate tools, you can accurately determine the dimensions of these flanges and select the correct components for your piping system.

Manufacturing process of tongue & groove flange

Tongue & Groove flanges can be produced by forging, casting, cutting or rolling. We mainly produce flanges by forging, cutting and rolling processes.  

Manufacturing process of tongue & groove forged flange

The forging process usually includes the following processes, i.e. selection of high quality billets, heating, forming and cooling.

 

• Raw material inspection – The key raw material used to produce flanges is billet or hot rolled bar stock. All raw materials purchased are supplied with test reports in accordance with British Standards with full traceability. This is the first mandatory step in the flange production process to ensure good quality. The raw materials are retested in-house to ensure chemical composition, mechanical properties and metallographic analysis.
• Cutting of raw materials – Correct and strict control of cutting sizes and proportions ensures full cost control.
• Heating – This is a very important step for the quality of the flanges. It is necessary to keep detailed records of heating temperatures to avoid overheating. Overheating can damage the structure of the metal and the mechanical properties of the raw material.
• Forging – The forging process is divided into free forging and die forging. The forging time and strength of flanges vary for different pressure classes.
• Heat treatment-The purpose of heat treatment is to eliminate the stress inside the flange and make the density more uniform. Careful recording of heat treatment temperature and cooling time is the key.
• Inspection of forging blanks – After the heat treatment process, select batch samples are tested again for chemical composition and mechanical properties to ensure that all items pass.
• Machining of forging blanks – During machining, inspection is performed along with machining to ensure that each part of the flange is qualified. Machining is performed on CNC and/or lathes.
• Finished Product Inspection – The finished product will be inspected 100% prior to delivery to ensure that the goods meet tongue & groove, ASME, EN or customer standards.
• Documented Documentation – The entire production process and quality checks at different levels are documented according to tongue & groove compliant standard operating procedures. This is the guarantee of good quality.
• Test certificates: As we are an tongue & groove and PED certified manufacturer, we can issue test certificates for all goods upon delivery and inspection in accordance with British Standards.
• Packaging: All forgings and flanges are packed in wooden boxes or crates or pallets to ensure safe movement of the goods.

Production process of tongue & groove casting flange

The production process of a tongue & groove casting flange typically involves several steps, including the creation of a mold or pattern, the casting of the flange using molten metal, and various finishing and quality control steps.
To begin the process, a mold or pattern is created using a material such as wood or metal. This mold or pattern will be used to create the shape of the flange, and will typically be made to precise specifications to ensure that the final product meets the desired dimensions and specifications.
Once the mold or pattern is ready, the casting process can begin. This typically involves melting the metal that will be used to create the flange, such as iron or steel, and pouring the molten metal into the mold or pattern. The metal is then allowed to cool and solidify, taking on the shape of the mold or pattern.
After the casting process is complete, the flange will typically undergo various finishing and quality control steps. This may include machining or grinding to achieve the desired dimensions and surface finish, as well as testing to ensure that the flange meets the required specifications and standards.
Overall, the production process for a tongue & groove casting flange is a highly precise and technical process that requires a thorough understanding of metallurgy, casting techniques, and quality control processes.

Manufacturing process of tongue & groove plate cutting flange

The process here is relatively simple, and the key raw material is hot rolled plate. The process is mainly used to produce lower thickness sliding plate flanges and blind flanges. All plates purchased are accompanied by a test certificate to tongue & groove Standards.
The circles are cut from the plates.
No heat treatment is involved in the flange manufacturing process.
Drilling and machining is carried out on the circles to obtain the required dimensions.
The goods are visually inspected and marked in accordance with the relevant standards.

Marking of Tongue & Groove Flanges

Tongue & Groove flanges are typically marked with certain information to identify the specific type of flange and its characteristics. This information may include the manufacturer’s name or logo, the flange size and rating, the material grade, and any relevant certifications or standards that the flange meets. For example, an tongue & groove flange may be marked with a size such as “6 inch” to indicate the diameter of the flange, and a rating such as “150#” to indicate the pressure rating of the flange. It may also be marked with a material grade such as “A105” to indicate the type of material the flange is made from, and a certification such as “ASME” to indicate that it meets the standards set by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. The male flange is usually identified with an “M” or “Male” marking, while the female flange is marked with an “F” or “Female” marking. Additionally, the flange size, pressure rating, and material may also be marked on the flange for further identification and proper installation. In addition to these markings, tongue & groove flanges may also have other markings such as heat numbers or serial numbers for traceability purposes. These markings may be stamped, laser etched, or otherwise inscribed on the flange to ensure that the flange can be traced back to its manufacturing source if necessary.

Packing of Tongue & Groove Flanges

How to package flanges? To pack the tongue & groove flange, follow these steps:

1. Clean the tongue & groove flanges thoroughly to remove any dirt or debris.
2. Wrap each tongue & groove flange with bubble wrap or foam liner to prevent scratching or damage.
3. Place the wrapped tongue & groove flange in a sturdy cardboard box or wooden crate.
4. Fill any gaps in the box with additional padding material, such as packing peanuts or air cushions, to prevent the tongue & groove flanges from moving around during shipping.
5. Seal the box with heavy-duty tape or packing tape.
6. Label the box with the recipient’s address, your return address, and any shipping instructions or warnings, such as “Fragile” or “Handle with care”
7. Make sure the package is adequately labeled and insured and meets all relevant shipping regulations and guidelines.
8. Use a reliable carrier with experience in handling fragile or heavy items to ship boxes.

Application of Tongue & Groove Flanges

Tongue & Groove Flanges are known to deliver exceptional performance and are generally developed for meeting the demands. These Tongue & Groove Flange is use in various industries like:

• Stainless Steel Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Oil and Gas Pipeline;
• Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Chemical Industry;
• Alloy Steel Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Plumbing;
• Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Heating;
• Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Water Supply Systems;
• Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Power Plant;
• Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Paper & Pulp Industry;
• Tongue & Groove Flange uses in General Purpose Applications;
• Steel Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Fabrication Industry;
• Tongue & Groove Flange uses in Food Processing Industry;
• Tongue & Groove Flanges uses in Structural Pipe.

How to purchase the correct tongue & groove flanges?

To purchase the correct tongue & groove flanges, you will need to consider the following factors:

• Size and type of tongue & groove flange: The size of the tongue and groove flanges must match. It is important to select the right size and type of flange for your specific application to ensure it is installed properly and provides a secure connection.
• Material of tongue & groove flange: The material of tongue and groove flanges can vary depending on the specific application and requirements. Common materials for flanges include carbon steel, stainless steel, and various alloys such as Inconel or Monel. The material chosen should have appropriate strength, corrosion resistance, and other properties needed for the specific operating conditions. For example, if the flange will be used in a corrosive environment, a stainless steel flange may be better than a carbon steel flange.
• Pressure Rating of tongue & groove flange: The pressure rating of tongue and groove flanges is typically the same, as it is determined by the pressure rating of the flange itself and not by the gender of the flange. However, it’s important to ensure that the pressure rating of the mating flanges (i.e., the tongue and groove flanges that are bolted together) are the same to avoid any potential leaks or failures.
• Connection Type of tongue & groove flange: The connection type of the tongue and groove flanges should be compatible with the piping or equipment being used.
• Standard of tongue & groove flange: The tongue and groove flanges should conform to relevant standards, such as ANSI, ASME, or API.
• Certification: The tongue and groove flanges should have appropriate certifications, such as ISO, CE, or API, to ensure their quality and suitability for the intended use.

Purchasing the correct tongue & groove flanges requires careful consideration of size, material, pressure ratings, and any additional features that may be required for a specific application. By taking the time to carefully evaluate these factors, you can ensure that you select the correct flange for your needs and avoid any potential problems.   It is also a good idea to purchase tongue & groove flanges from a reputable manufacturer or supplier to ensure that you are getting a high-quality product.  

How to select tongue & groove flanges manufacturer?

There are several factors you may want to consider when selecting an tongue & groove flange manufacturer:

• Determine your needs: Assess the specifications and requirements of your flange project such as size, pressure rating, material, and application.
• Quality: Look for a manufacturer with a reputation for producing high-quality flanges that meet industry standards and have undergone rigorous testing.
• Experience: Choose a manufacturer with experience in producing tongue & groove flanges for a wide range of industries and applications.
• Customization: Consider whether the manufacturer can offer customized flanges that meet your unique needs.
• Cost: Compare the prices of different manufacturers, but be aware that the cheapest option may not always provide the best value for money.
• Location: Choose a manufacturer that is conveniently located and able to deliver your flanges on time.
• Research manufacturers: Look for reviews and recommendations from other customers, and check the manufacturer’s website for information on their products and services.
• Request quotes: Contact several manufacturers to request quotes for your flange project.
• Review the quotes: Compare the quotes you receive, taking into account the price, quality, and delivery times.
• Consider other factors: Look for additional services offered by the manufacturer, such as technical support or after-sales service.
• Make your selection: Choose the manufacturer that offers the best combination of quality, experience, customization, and cost, and that can meet your specific needs and requirements.

Export Country For Tongue & Groove Flanges  

MIDDLE EAST	AFRICA	NORTH AMERICA	EUROPE	ASIA	SOUTH AMERICA
Saudi Arabia	Nigeria	Usa	Russia	India	Argentina
Iran	Algeria	Canada	Norway	Singapore	Bolivia
Iraq	Angola	Mexico	Germany	Malaysia	Brazil
Uae	South Africa	Panama	France	Indonesia	Chile
Qatar	Libya	Costa Rica	Italy	Thailand	Venezuela
Bahrain	Egypt	Puerto Rica	Uk	Vietnam	Colombia
Oman	Sudan	Trinidad And Tobago	Spain	South Korea	Ecuador
Kuwait	Equatorial Guinea	Jamaica	Ukraine	Japan	Guyana
Turkey	The Republic Of Congo	Bahamas	Netherland	Sri Lanka	Paraguay
Yemen	Gabon	Denmark	Belgium	Maldives	Uruguay
Syria			Greece	Bangladesh
Jordan			Czech Republic	Mayanmar
Cyprus			Portugal	Taiwan
			Hungary	Cambodia
			Albania
			Austria
			Switzerland
			Slovakia
			Finland
			Ireland
			Croatia
			Slovenia
			Malta