Ngokwamukela inqubo yokushisa ecwenge kakhudlwana kanye nokwenza ngcono ukushaja kwesithando somlilo, ukubeka izingqimba, nokwandisa izindawo zokusekela ezisizayo, singakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuqina okuphezulu nokufana okuphezulu kwesithando somlilo. ama-ring forgings amakhulu futhi unciphise ngempumelelo i-deformation.
Inkampani yethu ivame ukwenza ukucisha nokwelashwa kokushisa kwendandatho enkulu ama-forgings. Lolu hlobo lwendandatho luyingxenye ebalulekile ye-crusher enkulu yezimayini esetshenziselwa ukuchoboza insimbi ezimayini. Isakhiwo esiyinhloko somshini sinethrekhi emise okwendandatho kanye nethrekhi emise okwendandatho enepuleti yokugaya yohlobo lwendandatho, futhi ipuleti lokugaya lakhiwe ngama-roller amaningana okugaya. Lolu hlobo lwendandatho luyithrekhi emise okwendandatho emshinini, edinga izici ezibanzi zemishini kanye ukunemba kobukhulu obunembile. Lezi zingxenye ezinkulu zendandatho ezinobubanzi obukhulu kanye nogqinsi oluncane zikhubazeka kalula ngesikhathi zicutshungulwa futhi azikwazi ukulungiswa ngemva kokuguqulwa. Isidingo sokuqina siphezulu, futhi ukufana kuyinselele ukuyilawula. Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga, leli phepha lizokwenza ngcono inqubo nokusebenza kokukhiqiza futhi lilawule ngokuqinile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yonke ye-workpiece.
Isingeniso se-workpiece
Lolu hlobo lwama-forgings lwendandatho luhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili, eyokuqala yesitimela sendandatho, impahla engu-40CrNi2Mo, ubukhulu obukhulu Ø4572/4252mm × 100mm, isisindo esisodwa 3900kg; eyesibili indandatho yezinyo, impahla engu-34CrNi3Mo, ubukhulu obukhulu Ø5232/4660mm × 140mm, isisindo esisodwa 6000kg.
- Izidingo zobuchwepheshe: ubulukhuni be-320-360HBW, 340-380HBW ngokulandelanayo, ukufana kungabi ngaphezu kuka-30HBW.
- Izidingo zokuguquguquka: ngemva kokushisa, isitimela esiyindandatho aweqi ku-30mm (i-single side margin engu-20mm), kanti indandatho yezinyo ayidluli ku-20mm (i-majini yohlangothi olulodwa lwe-15mm).
Ikhwalithi yobuso: akukho mifantu nokunye ukonakala. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwangempela kwe-workpiece kuboniswe kuThebula 1.
2. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo
Ngokusho kwephuzu lokushintsha lesigaba esiqinile se-Ac1 ne-Ac3 kanye nezidingo zokusebenza zento esebenzayo, izinga lokushisa elikhethiwe lokwelashwa kokushisa yi-T1, futhi izinga lokushisa yi-T2. Inqubo yokushisa ibheka izici ze-workpiece futhi ilawula isivinini sokushisa ukuze sibe ne-insulation yesithando somlilo kanye nenqubo yokufaka ephakathi nendawo ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kwenqubo yokucisha futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa kokuguqulwa. Isikhathi sokucisha nokubamba sikhethiwe, ngokusho kwesigaba esiphumelelayo se-millimeter insulation ngayinye 1 - 1.3min, isandiso esifanele sokushisa okujwayelekile, kanye nesikhathi sokucisha esiphelele kanye nokubamba kulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-4h. Inqubo ethile iboniswa kuMfanekiso 1.
Ithebula.1 Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali (ingxenye enkulu, %)
3. Ukuqeda ukwelashwa
3.1 Ukusebenza kokukhiqiza
Okokuqala, hlola ubuso bezingxenye ezingenayo ukuze uthole amaphutha asobala njengezimbobo zesihlabathi nokuqhekeka, futhi uhlole ukuthi akhona yini amakhona acijile nokuthi ama-engeli adinga ukuzungezwa yini. Kala ngokunembile usayizi wesiqephu ngasinye bese uhlola umdwebo ukuze ubale usayizi wemajini.
Ububanzi obukhulu besitimela esiyindandatho bungu-4572mm, ukujiya okusebenzayo kungu-100mm, ububanzi obukhulu bendandatho yezinyo ngu-5232mm, futhi ugqinsi olusebenzayo luyi-140mm, kokubili okuyizicucu zamapuleti amancane amancane. Akulula ukucisha ubulukhuni obuphezulu balesi simo endaweni efanayo, futhi ukushuba okuphumelelayo kudinga ukushuba futhi kube lula ukukhubaza.
Le nkampani inesithando somlilo esinendawo yokushisa ephezulu ye-5000mm, futhi ububanzi be-workpiece bukhulu kangangokuthi umkhawulo ophezulu womzimba wesithando somlilo ufinyelelwa, futhi i-pallet ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini, inkampani yenza inqwaba yamaphedi amasha afanele ukuphakanyiswa kalula ukuze kuzuzwe ukucaba okungcono. Amaphedi abekwe ngokuhambisana, futhi ukuhlukana kubhekisela ebangeni eliphakathi kwezingcezu zendandatho ngemva kokuhlukana okune okulinganayo.
Umfanekiso.1 Ijika lenqubo
I-I-beam kanye namaketanga e-horseshoe angu-4 asetshenziselwa isisakazeli, futhi ibhande elimise okwesicathulo sehhashi ekugcineni lenziwa ngokuhambisana nobukhulu nokuma kokuphela kwe-mat. Izingcezu zidinga ukuhlukaniswa ngokulinganayo ngamaphedi amancane, amaphuzu angu-8 ucezu ngalunye; Amaphedi angama-80 alungiswa kusenesikhathi, anemininingwane efanayo nobude. Izingxenye ezibalulekile zikhubazekile kalula ngesikhathi sokulayisha isithando somlilo ukuze kwandiswe amaphuzu asekelayo.
3.2 Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa
Umphumela wokuhlolwa kokuqina ukhonjiswe kuThebula 2, futhi umphumela wokuhlolwa kokuguquguquka uboniswa kuThebula lesi-3; kusukela kumphumela wokuhlolwa, ubulukhuni bufanelekile futhi bufana futhi buhlangabezana nemfuneko yekhasimende. I-deformation yengxenye engu-100mm ewugqinsi ingu-22mm, futhi ingxenye engu-140mm ingu-18mm; Kodwa-ke, ngaphakathi kwe-margin, ukuguqulwa kukhulu, okubangela ukuphazamiseka ekucubunguleni okulandelayo kwekhasimende. Ngemva kocwaningo olunzulu, indlela yokulayisha isithando somlilo yathuthukiswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukuwohloka okwengeziwe.
Ithebula.2 Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqina
| Material | I-HBW (ukutholwa ngezikhawu ezingu-90 °) | ||
| 40CrNi2 Mo |
340,345,330,320
330,345,340,325
350,355,345,330
|
||
| 34CrNi3 Mo |
350,355,365,340
370,360,365,345
350,355,360,375
|
||
Ithebula.3 Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokushintshashintsha (mm)
| Material | Izingxenye ezingenayo | Ngemuva kokugeza | Isiqondiso sobubanzi | Ukuqondisa okuqondiles |
| 40CrNi2 Mo |
4572,4572,4572,
5230,5230,5230
|
4590,4584,4381
5240,5241,5242
|
+18
+10
|
+ 16
+ 182 |
| 34CrNi3 Mo |
Ithebula.4 Imiphumela yokuhlola ukuguquguquka ngemva kokuthuthukisa indlela yokukhiqiza (mm)
| Izingxenye ezingenayo | Ngemuva kokugeza | Isiqondiso sobubanzi | Ukuqondisa okumile |
| 4644,4644,4628,4628 | 4640,4649,4625,4635 | +4 | +6,+10,+ 12 |
4. Ukuthuthukiswa kwendlela yokukhiqiza
Sifingqa isipiliyoni sokukhiqiza, sithole ukuthi indlela yokulayisha isithando somlilo inomthelela omkhulu ekuwohlokeni, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamandla angalingani. Isimo sokucwila sizokwenzeka kalula uma ibanga phakathi kwamaphedi amabili likhulu. Khulisa iphoyinti lokusekela amandla ngepuleti elingezansi lesithando somlilo ukuze amandla ahlakazeke ngokulinganayo. Ngakho-ke amaphedi amabili alayishiwe esithandweni somlilo, amaphuzu okusekela asuka ku-8 okuqala akhuphukela ku-12. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwandisa ibanga phakathi kwepuleti eliphansi nesithando somlilo, ugweme ngokuphumelelayo indawo yokushisa, ukwandisa ukufana kwezinga lokushisa, futhi ugweme ngokuphumelelayo ingozi. lokushisa kwendawo lokushisa ngokweqile.
Ukushisa kwamafutha okupholisa kufanele kulawulwe ngaphansi kwama-50 ℃; izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu likawoyela wokucisha akufanele lidlule ku-80 ℃. Imininingwane yethangi likawoyela wokupholisa we-15m × 6.5m × 6m, ngokuqapha izinga lokushisa likawoyela elijikeleza uhlelo lokupholisa. Naka ukuphakamisa okushelelayo, ukusebenza ngokushesha, uwoyela obushelelezi ngesikhathi esifushane ngangokunokwenzeka, kanye ne-crane enokupholisa kwe-tandem ukuthuthukisa ukufana kokuqina. Lawula isikhathi sokupholisa uwoyela, lawula izinga lokushisa lokugcina lokupholisa, futhi ufudumale ngemva kokukhululwa kwamafutha ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Khulisa ukuhlola okuphakathi ukuze uthole ubulukhuni ngemva kokucisha ukuze unikeze ireferensi enembile yokuthambisa. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-deformation ikhonjiswe kuThebula lesi-4.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokushaja yongqimba olulodwa, ukuguqulwa kwehle kakhulu. Umphumela wokuthuthuka muhle ekuguquguqukeni okuphezulu kobubanzi besiqondiso ukusuka ku-18mm kuye ku-7mm, kanye nesiqondiso esiphezulu esiqondile sisuka ku-22mm siye ku-12mm.
5. Isiphetho
- (1) Amasongo amakhulu amaringi akhubazeka kalula kule nqubo, futhi uma uba mncane ugqinsi oluphumelelayo, kukhulu ukuwohloka. Ukushisa okunensayo nokubamba ngezigaba kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka okushisayo futhi kukhulise ukufana kwezinga lokushisa.
- (2) Ukulawulwa kwenqubo yokulayisha kanye nokusebenza kwesithando somlilo nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye zendandatho kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina. Amaphedi aphindwe kabili abekwe, futhi amaphuzu amaningi ahlanganiswe ngokulinganayo futhi azinzile; amaphuzu okusekela asebenzayo phakathi kwepuleti eliphansi nesithando somlilo ayanda, futhi ibanga phakathi kwendandatho nomshini wokushisa liyaphakanyiswa; inqubo yokuphakamisa ibushelelezi futhi iyashesha, engalawula ngokuphumelelayo ukuguqulwa kwama-ring forgings amakhulu.
Umbhali: Li Xiaohong, Yang Di, Huang Shouji
shiya impendulo